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#142- Robert Abbott: The Bobby Knight story—the cost of unchecked anger, ego, & winning at all costs

Peter Attia

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TL;DR

The four things you'd lose by not watching

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TL;DR

The four things you'd lose by not watching

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Bobby Knight had self-awareness of his anger problem as early as the mid-1970s — asking a journalist 'how do I keep getting myself into these situations?' — yet never did the work to change it, and unchecked anger consumed his legacy over 25 years.

Attia's single biggest therapeutic breakthrough was personifying his inner critic as 'Bobby Knight,' then learning through meditation-backed awareness to demote that voice from chairman of the board to an entity that is no longer allowed to set the terms.

Anger is an anesthetic: it temporarily numbs the inadequacy and hollowness beneath, but the resulting shame amplifies the next outburst, creating an escalating vicious cycle that only a devastating external crisis or deliberate therapeutic work can break.

Neil Reed — the player Knight choked — died at 36 still carrying PTSD from a single act of physical aggression a decade earlier; Knight, who 'lost nothing,' spent 20 years unable to return to the arena he coached in, proving the abuser suffers the longer imprisonment.

Protocols

Concrete recipes — what, when, how much, and why

5 items

Personify the inner critic — give it a face and a name

WhatWhen your therapist or your own journaling surfaces a pattern of extreme self-criticism, do not leave it as an abstract 'inner voice.' Give the critical entity a specific identity — a name, a face, a character — so you can observe it as a thing separate from yourself rather than as 'you.'

WhenIn therapy or journaling when you notice recurring self-berating language, especially language that is disproportionate to the triggering event (e.g., catastrophizing over a trivial mistake).

DoseOne naming exercise; thereafter, every time the voice fires, you address it by name in your journal rather than as 'I.' The observational distance accumulates over weeks.

For whomPeople with a harsh, perfectionist inner critic who have found that willpower-based attempts to 'stop being so hard on yourself' fail repeatedly. Particularly relevant for high performers whose drive is partly fueled by self-punishment.

WhyYou cannot challenge a voice you are inhabiting. Naming the critic makes it a separate character in your system — visible, describable, and ultimately demoatable. The separation is the prerequisite for any downstream work.

CaveatsThe naming exercise alone is not the change — it is the prerequisite. If you name it and stop there, you have an interesting journal entry but no behavioral shift. The follow-on step (offering an alternative explanation) is required.

Attia describes the shock of actually listening to what Bobby Knight said to him over trivial things: missed archery shots, driving errors, small daily failures that were completely inconsequential. The language was catastrophic: 'You fucking idiot, you are so bad at this, how dare you practice this hard and still be this shitty, what is wrong with you?' He found that the naming allowed him to hear that language for the first time, because he was now listening to it as an observer rather than as the speaker.

Mechanism

Externalizing the inner critic converts an egosyntonic voice (experienced as 'I') to an egodystonic one (experienced as 'not-I'). This is the same mechanism used in Internal Family Systems, Gestalt chair work, and parts therapy. The shift from first-person identification to third-person observation is what allows evaluation and challenge.

Without hesitation the identity was Bobby Knight. And that assumed the name. So now in the journal I could refer to Bobby Knight and what Bobby Knight says to me.

Use meditation to build the 'pause' infrastructure before inner-critic work

WhatEstablish a sustained meditation practice specifically aimed at developing awareness of your internal monologue — not just breath or sensation, but the narrative voice inside. The goal is to build the capacity to notice a thought as a thought rather than immediately fusing with it.

WhenIdeally started before any anger or self-criticism pattern becomes severe; but can be started at any point as a prerequisite to or alongside therapeutic inner-critic work.

DoseAttia had been meditating for 'a number of years' before the inner-critic work became possible. Daily consistency matters more than session duration; 10-20 minutes per day produces the metacognitive capacity needed.

For whomAnyone whose perfectionism or anger fires too quickly for deliberate intervention — i.e., they only recognize what they said or did after the fact. The pattern is: react, regret, repeat. Meditation shrinks the reactive gap.

WhyThe inner critic fires fast and loud. Without a pre-existing capacity to pause and observe, you cannot catch the thought before it sets your emotional state. Meditation trains exactly this: the noticing gap between stimulus and response.

CaveatsMeditation is a prerequisite infrastructure, not the fix. Attia is explicit: meditation gave him the pause and the awareness; the inner-critic naming and demotion work then used that pause. Skipping to 'just meditate and it will get better' misses the second-stage therapeutic intervention.

Attia's formulation is precise: 'Meditation gives you enough of a pause, or at least an awareness, of the inner voice. So now I just had to listen for it.' The meditation creates a moment of meta-awareness — the ability to watch a thought as it arises. The inner-critic work then takes that moment and uses it to introduce an alternative voice. The two-stage model is important: stage one is infrastructural (meditation, journaling), stage two is content-specific (naming, challenging, demoting the critic).

Personal experience

Attia: 'I've been meditating for a number of years and meditation gives you enough of a pause or at least an awareness of the inner voice, so now I just had to listen for it. And it was really shocking what it would say over some of the most trivial things.'

Luckily I've been meditating for a number of years and meditation gives you enough of a pause, or at least an awareness, of the inner voice — so now I just had to listen for it.

Journal to track the inner critic — externalize and create a record

WhatKeep a regular journal specifically to capture what the inner critic says, when it fires, and what the triggering event was. Write the critic's words in the third person (or under its assigned name) so they appear as data, not as self-definition.

WhenDaily or whenever a self-critical episode occurs. The review function is especially important: go back through past entries to see patterns in what types of events trigger the critic.

DoseAttia describes journaling as 'a pretty big part of what I do to keep track of myself.' He reviewed a journal entry from seven months prior that contained his therapist's comment about his lack of self-compassion — the entry that launched the naming exercise.

For whomAnyone working on anger management, perfectionism, or self-compassion. Particularly useful for people who describe their self-criticism as 'just how I think' — the journal makes it legible as a separable pattern.

WhyThe inner critic thrives in real-time where it can fuse with your emotional state. Externalizing it to a journal slows it down, makes it visible, and creates a longitudinal record that reveals patterns invisible in single-episode awareness.

Attia's journal practice served two functions in this episode: first, it was a tool of ongoing self-monitoring (he describes tracking himself 'to keep track of myself'). Second, it preserved the therapist's insight that the lack of self-compassion was 'really extreme' — a diagnosis he might have discounted or forgotten in the moment but that he could return to in the journal. The journal is memory for insights that the in-the-moment ego might reject.

Journaling is a pretty big part of what I sort of do to kind of keep track of myself. I came across a sort of an entry from maybe seven months ago where my therapist said something to the effect of, look, your lack of self-compassion is really extreme. I want you to sort of personify that entity inside of your brain that is constantly berating you.

Demote the inner critic from 'chairman' to 'outside voice' — the boardroom reframe

WhatOnce the inner critic has been named and observed, use a concrete mental model to change its governance status. The model Attia uses: the critic was the 'chairman of the board' inside his mental boardroom. The therapeutic move is to formally demote it: acknowledge its presence, deny it the authority to speak inside the room, and learn to respond to its knocking from a distance.

WhenAs a second-stage intervention after the naming exercise has given you observational distance. The demotion reframe is the follow-on to personification, not the starting point.

DoseAn ongoing, iterative practice. The voice does not disappear; the goal is that its authority diminishes over time. Attia describes this as 'we're going to a place where you're not allowed to talk to me that way.'

For whomPeople with a loud, persistent inner critic who have tried naming it but find it simply re-escalates. The governance reframe gives the adult/observer-self explicit authority over the critic that mere awareness alone does not.

WhyNaming the critic creates distance; the boardroom reframe installs a governance structure that determines what the critic is allowed to do. The reframe addresses the underlying problem: not that the voice exists, but that it has been governing the system.

CaveatsThe transition from the critic's voice to others' behavior — Attia notes that stopping talking that way to himself eventually translates to stopping talking that way to others. The internal work has external behavioral consequences, but the external behavior is downstream of the internal governance change.

Attia's complete framing: 'You're no longer the chairman of the board, thank you very much. In fact, you can leave the boardroom now. Now you're still going to be knocking, and you're going to be very loud for very long. We're going to a place where you're not allowed to talk to me that way. And eventually when you stop talking to me that way, I'm going to stop talking to others that way. I'm going to stop talking to myself that way when those other things.' The boardroom metaphor is functionally useful because most people have direct experience of boardroom governance — who has authority, who advises but does not decide, who is asked to leave.

You're no longer the chairman of the board, thank you very much. In fact, you can leave the boardroom now. Now you're still going to be knocking, and you're going to be very loud for very long. We're going to a place where you're not allowed to talk to me that way.

Recognize the anger-shame-grandiosity loop before the next outburst fires

WhatWhen you feel an anger episode building, learn to identify the specific precursor state: the sense of inadequacy, hollowness, or ego threat that the anger is about to anesthetize. Naming the precursor state interrupts the automatic escalation to outburst.

WhenIn real-time when anger is building, or in retrospect immediately after an anger episode before the next cycle begins.

DoseA practice requiring the 'pause' infrastructure from meditation. The identification of the precursor is a seconds-level intervention; retrospective journaling of the precursor pattern takes 5-10 minutes.

For whomAnyone in the anger-shame cycle who has tried willpower-based suppression and found it fails under stress. Also relevant for people who can see the cycle clearly in retrospect but cannot catch it in the moment.

WhyIf anger is an anesthetic for something underneath, then suppressing the anger without identifying what it is suppressing will fail — the underlying state will find another outlet. The interrupt is upstream: identify and name the hollowness or inadequacy before the anger fills it.

CaveatsThis is a description of the mechanism, not a complete treatment. For severe anger patterns, professional therapeutic support is required. The framework provides the conceptual map; therapy provides the road.

Attia identifies himself as someone on this cycle with explicit self-disclosure: 'There are times when I find myself being so ego-focused, so focused on myself, that I sort of lose sight of what the purpose is with respect to others. And if you stay in that state for a very long period of time, it's a bad place to be — you're going to behave badly.' The key clinical observation from Terry Real's framework: the grandiosity is not the source of the problem, it is the defense against the real problem, which is the inner sense of inadequacy or shame. Treating the grandiosity directly without addressing the underlying shame often fails or produces a collapsed depression rather than genuine change.

Mechanism

Anger activates the sympathetic nervous system and suppresses prefrontal cortex function — the same cortical region responsible for self-observation and impulse regulation. The shame that follows reactivates the sympathetic response, which then requires another burst of anger to suppress. The loop runs automatically until interrupted by a non-automatic response at the precursor stage.

I trained in surgery and I knew people that I trained with whose anger was so bad that they got into real trouble — basically became an existential crisis, a threat to their career. If you don't get your anger under control, it will threaten your career. So my guess is it's just a combination of all of these things, and in that sense he became a victim of his success — his success kept him far enough away from crisis that there probably wasn't enough impetus to change until it was too late.

What's new

Personal practice updates, fresh positions, predictions

5 items

Awareness without action is worthless — Knight knew but never acted

~1 h 45 min

Dave Kindred, a journalist who knew Knight since the early 1970s, recounted Knight sitting down after a public incident and asking, 'How do I keep getting myself into these situations?' Knight had clear awareness of his anger problem decades before his firing — but awareness alone achieved nothing.

Why this matters: Awareness is widely treated as the precondition for change. Knight's case is the clinical counter-example: awareness without the deliberate decision to act on it is an empty consolation. The gap between 'I see my flaw' and 'I am working on my flaw' is the entire ballgame.

Background

Knight threw a chair across the court during a game in the late 1970s, made an infamous rape-normalization comment to Connie Chung in 1988, choked a player on video in the late 1990s, and was still violating zero-tolerance conduct agreements in 2000. All of this with apparent self-awareness.

Abbott's film captures the 25-year arc: the faculty council at Indiana tried to rein Knight in as early as 1987, he survived by winning a national championship immediately after, and then used the threat of leaving for New Mexico to crush any subsequent accountability attempt. The pattern is textbook: awareness used as self-exculpation ('I know I have a bad temper') rather than as the trigger for therapeutic work. Attia explicitly contrasts Knight's passive awareness with his own active therapeutic response — the same starting point led to opposite outcomes.

He had an awareness of his flaws as early as the mid-70s. Unlike you, he didn't try to address them — maybe he tried and just couldn't. But that story told me a lot about Knight: that very early on he knew there was something in his nature and his character, and he had a temper, and that he would keep putting himself in situations that maybe after they were over he'd look back and go, why the hell did I do that? But he never got it under control.

Anger as anesthetic — fills hollowness, triggers shame, escalates the cycle

~1 h 50 min

Attia describes anger as an emotion that provides short-run anesthesia for an underlying void — inadequacy, grandiosity used as a substitute for genuine inner strength — but is immediately followed by shame, which then demands a larger burst of grandiosity and anger to suppress.

Why this matters: Reframes 'anger problem' from a behavioral tic to a self-medicating feedback loop. The treatment implication is different: you cannot fix the behavior without identifying and filling the underlying void, because the anger is the symptom, not the disease.

Background

Attia credits conversations with therapist Terry Real for the 'anesthetic' framing. Terry Real is a relational therapist known for work on male anger, shame, and grandiosity.

Attia's formulation: inside the angry person there is a hollowness and a grandiosity that stands in for true inner strength. Anger fills that void and numbs the pain in the short run. But if you have any reasonable degree of psychological health — meaning you are not a true psychopath — you feel shame after the outburst. That shame increases the inner void. Which demands a larger burst of grandiosity and anger to suppress. Knight screaming at players every day and brandishing soiled toilet paper in their faces was not leaving the locker room thinking 'I'm a great man' — he was feeling ashamed, which was beating himself up more, creating greater need for grandiosity in the next interaction.

Anger is actually kind of an interesting emotion because in the short run it is actually quite anesthetizing. It overcomes a lot of the inadequacy that underpins it. Inside there's a hollowness, I think there's a void that needs to be filled — there's a grandiosity that stands in the place of a true inner strength. The anger kind of fills that void and numbs that pain in the short run. But it's immediately followed by quite a bit of shame, if you're any reasonably sane human being.

Also said

“There's no way that Knight isn't screaming at his players every single day and shoving toilet paper with shit in their face and leaving the locker room thinking 'I'm a great guy.' No. He's feeling ashamed of what he's doing. And as a result of that he's beating himself up more. And it's creating this greater and greater vicious cycle of needing greater grandiosity to overcome that shame, which leads to more outbursts of anger.”— Attia's application of the framework directly to Knight's behavior — closes the loop between the theory and the case study.

Attia's therapeutic breakthrough: naming the inner critic 'Bobby Knight'

~1 h 35 min

Attia's therapist identified extreme lack of self-compassion and instructed him to personify the self-berating inner voice — give it an identity so it can be observed rather than inhabited. Without hesitation, Attia named it Bobby Knight. The personification created the observational distance needed to demote the critic from 'chairman of the board' to an outside voice that is no longer granted entrance.

Why this matters: Turns an abstract therapeutic concept (the inner critic) into a concrete, named, observable character — which is the mechanism that makes it tractable. You cannot argue with a voice you cannot separate yourself from; you can argue with a named entity that you are looking at.

Background

Attia had been meditating for years before this breakthrough, which he credits with giving him the 'pause' and the awareness infrastructure needed to notice the inner voice in the first place. The therapy came after years of meditation.

Attia describes the two-step process: step one was naming the voice — which immediately allowed him to observe what Bobby Knight actually said to him over trivial things like a missed archery shot or a driving mistake. The language was extreme: 'You fucking idiot, you are so bad at this, how dare you practice this hard and still be this shitty, what is wrong with you?' Step two was offering an alternative explanation — the compassionate, adult response — and progressively using that to displace the critic. 'You're no longer the chairman of the board, thank you very much. In fact, you can leave the boardroom now.' The voice is still there and still knocks loudly; the goal is a place where it is no longer allowed to set the terms.

Without hesitation the identity was Bobby Knight. And that assumed the name. So now in the journal I could refer to Bobby Knight and what Bobby Knight says to me. Luckily I've been meditating for a number of years and meditation gives you enough of a pause, or at least an awareness of the inner voice, so now I just had to listen for it.

Also said

“I realized, hey, the chairman of my board is Bobby Knight. And it's going to be really hard for me to make progress in life when the chairman of the board inside of my head is Bobby Knight.”— The insight that unlocked the work: the governing voice in the system needs to be demoted before the system can change.

Success insulates the anger cycle from its natural consequences

~45 min

Knight's anger and abusive behavior were visible and documented since at least 1987, yet he coached until 2000 because each crisis was defused by the leverage of his winning record. Abbott's reporting reveals a systematic institutional failure: Indiana's faculty council drafted a bill of rights for athletes in 1987 condemning verbal and mental abuse, then Knight won a national championship and the bill was shelved. The same pattern repeated for 13 more years.

Why this matters: Reframes 'enabling' from a psychological concept into a structural one. Institutions that are financially or reputationally dependent on the angry person will systematically suppress accountability until the person's leverage collapses. The implication: if you are high-performing, you need to proactively seek accountability because the system around you will not provide it.

The escalating pattern: 1987 faculty council bill of rights shelved after championship; 1988 Connie Chung rape comment survived by threatening to leave for New Mexico; 1999 video evidence of choking still resulted only in 'zero tolerance' rather than firing; 2000 final violation finally triggered the firing. Abbott's observation: the university was 'partially responsible for allowing it to happen forever' — Miles Brand acknowledged this in the rationale for giving Knight one more chance. The same dynamic plays out with Mike Tyson (Don King protected him because he was a cash cow), Tiger Woods, and countless high-performing individuals surrounded by people who profit from their output.

In 1987 I uncovered that the Bloomington faculty council was so offended by the John Feinstein book that they wanted to look into Knight's conduct and they put together kind of a bill of rights for athletes that said no coach should verbally or mentally abuse their athletes. And then what does Knight do? He wins the national championship. Now they cannot put a saddle on it — there's no way, the horse is out of the barn.

Physical trauma from single-incident aggression: Neil Reed's PTSD

~2 h 30 min

Neil Reed — choked by Knight at a practice in the mid-1990s — carried a PTSD response from that single incident for the rest of his life. Years later, during playful wrestling with his wife, her hands accidentally moved near his throat and he went still with a visible physiological response. Ten days before his death, he tweeted about the Penn State scandal with specific reference to being choked — the memory had never left.

Why this matters: Quantifies the downstream cost of a single act of physical aggression by a figure of authority on a person who idolized that figure. One incident, sustained physiological impact for over a decade. Context matters enormously: the more the perpetrator is idealized by the victim before the incident, the deeper the wound.

Reed had moved his whole family to Bloomington as a teenager specifically to be closer to Knight. He wore Bobby Knight basketball camp t-shirts as a child. The transcript of Reed's own words in Abbott's documentary: 'I don't know what's worse — never having your dream come true, or having your dream come true and it turning into a nightmare.' When Reed left Indiana, Knight lost a point guard he quickly replaced. Reed lost his entire identity scaffolding at 19. The paradox Abbott highlights: Reed — who lost everything — rebuilt, became a beloved coach to high school students, and moved on. Knight — who 'lost nothing' — spent 20 years unable to return to Assembly Hall.

He tweeted: 'I now realize that kids deserve to be punched, spit on, choked, and raped in the shower, so a select few can be worshiped like gods.' That was ten days before he passed. And when I read that tweet, it told me he died a tortured human being. It never left him — it aided his mind, his heart, his soul.

Recommendations

Products, supplements, and tools mentioned in the episode

3 items

Individual therapy focused on self-compassion and inner-critic work

Service

Attia describes therapy as the context in which the Bobby Knight naming exercise emerged, and credits it as 'the single biggest step function I've ever experienced in my life.'

The specific therapeutic lever was the therapist identifying extreme lack of self-compassion and giving Attia the instruction to personify the self-berating entity. This suggests a therapeutic modality focused on parts work, internal critic work, or similar approaches (IFS, schema therapy, relational therapy). Attia notes the work was 'very difficult' — not a pleasant insight process but a confrontation with an internal voice that had been governing behavior for decades.

Personal experience

Attia: 'In the past year one of the biggest breakthroughs I've had in therapy — which was very difficult — I consider it the single biggest step function I've ever experienced in my life: becoming aware enough of my inner sort of monologue with myself.'

In therapy which was very difficult I consider it the single biggest step function I've ever experienced in my life — was becoming aware enough of my inner sort of monologue, not dialogue, but monologue with myself.

Find Individual

A Season on the Brink by John Feinstein

Book

The foundational text on Bobby Knight's coaching practices, published in 1987, which both Abbott and Attia read and initially accepted as justification for Knight's ends-justify-the-means approach.

Abbott read the book immediately on release, encountered the detail of Knight calling a player a coward and leaving tampons in his locker, and closed it thinking 'yes, the ends justify the means — he's won three national titles and I've never heard a player speak negatively about him.' That initial read became the scaffolding for his later disillusionment. The book's value for Attia's audience is as a high-resolution case study in how cultural permission for anger and abuse is constructed around a winner.

It always comes back to the question: do the ends justify the means? And I remember closing the book and in my own mind saying yes — he's won three national titles, an olympic gold medal, and I've never heard a player speak negatively about him. So when I closed that book I said yes, the ends do justify the means.

Find A

Film: Full Metal Jacket (Kubrick, 1987)

Tool

When Abbott asked Collier what it was like to play for Knight, Collier replied: 'Go rent Full Metal Jacket' — and hung up. Abbott watched it to understand the reference: a recruit mentally broken by a relentless drill sergeant.

The reference is clinically useful beyond its shock value: Full Metal Jacket depicts a system designed to break down identity and rebuild it under authoritarian control. Collier's use of the film as his entire description of Indiana basketball practice is one of the starkest characterizations in the episode. Knight's method — drawn from his time coaching at West Point — was explicitly 'I'm going to break you down to nothing and then build you back up into the person I want you to be.'

vs alternatives

The John Feinstein book shows the method from the outside — a journalist's view. Full Metal Jacket shows what it feels like from the inside.

He goes, 'You want to know what it's like to play for Coach Knight? Rent Full Metal Jacket.' And then he hung up on me.

Find Film:

Disclosed sponsorships1speaker disclosed

ESPN 30 for 30 documentary: The Last Days of Knight (directed by Robert Abbott)

Tool Sponsored · disclosed

The documentary covers the 18-month CNN investigation that exposed Knight's pattern of abusive behavior, the videotaped choking incident, the university's institutional failures, and — most powerfully for Attia — the human story of Neil Reed's trauma and eventual redemption.

DisclosureGuest is the director of this documentary — explicit promotion.

Abbott's documentary is the reason Attia was able to name his inner critic 'Bobby Knight' — seeing the full arc of Knight's story on screen gave him a concrete character to attach to the abstract voice. The documentary functions not just as journalism but as a psychological mirror. Abbott spent over a decade as a working journalist on the story before returning to make the film, which gives it an unusual depth of sourcing and a retrospective self-reflection component where Abbott examines what he missed journalistically the first time.

Somehow seeing your documentary is, I think, what allowed me to come up with this idea — to be able to put a name and a face to it in a character, so that I could literally picture Bobby Knight in my head screaming at me every time I made mistakes.

Find ESPN

Notable quotes

Lines worth pulling out — contrarian, specific, or perfectly phrased

5 items

Anger is actually kind of an interesting emotion because in the short run it is actually quite anesthetizing. It overcomes a lot of the inadequacy that underpins it. Inside there's a hollowness, I think there's a void that needs to be filled — there's a grandiosity that stands in the place of a true inner strength. The anger kind of fills that void and numbs that pain in the short run. But it's immediately followed by quite a bit of shame.

The most clinically dense statement in the episode — frames anger as a self-medication loop that requires the underlying void to be addressed, not just the surface behavior.

Without hesitation the identity was Bobby Knight. And that assumed the name. So now in the journal I could refer to Bobby Knight and what Bobby Knight says to me.

The pivotal therapeutic moment Attia describes — the specific technique of giving the inner critic a name and tracking it in a journal.

You're no longer the chairman of the board, thank you very much. In fact, you can leave the boardroom now. Now you're still going to be knocking, and you're going to be very loud for very long. We're going to a place where you're not allowed to talk to me that way.

The 'boardroom demotion' framing — a concrete governance model for relocating the inner critic from the authority position to an outside voice.

He had an awareness of his flaws as early as the mid-70s. Unlike you, he didn't try to address them. And that was ultimately his undoing — 25 years later.

The central thesis of the episode stated cleanly: awareness without action is not enough. Knight and Attia had the same starting point; therapy made the difference.

I don't know what's worse — never having your dream come true, or having your dream come true and it turning into a nightmare.

Neil Reed's own words, describing the specific psychic wound of having an idealized authority figure become the source of your worst trauma.

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Topics covered

anger-managementinner-criticself-compassionmeditationjournalingperfectionismshame-cycletrauma-ptsdinstitutional-enablinganger-as-anestheticcoaching-psychologyunchecked-egotherapyemotional-regulationsports-psychologyabuse-of-authorityaccountabilityinvestigative-journalism

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Educational summary of the cited expert source — not medical advice. Open the source recording linked above and consult a qualified physician before acting on any protocol.